Cannabis clones: what are they?

For beginners as well as experienced growers, clones offer a variety of benefits. The cuttings are simply taken from established cannabis plants, called "mother plants", which means you have total control over the genetics you select, and you don't have to deal with the delicate seedling stage. In other words, it's easier, faster, and more precise.

Taking Cuttings

Choose a high-yielding plant. Your initial cuttings should come from hardy stock, since your clones will share the same genetics as their mother plants. Make sure you choose plants that grow to your desired size and height and produce a lot of buds.

• It's best to pick a plant that has a lot of branches if your mother plant hasn't flowered before.
• Aside from THC or CBD content, you can also consider aroma/flavor of the mother plant.

For calming, relaxing effects, choose indica strains, and for uplifting, energetic effects, choose sativa strains.

Select a vegetative plant for your cuttings.

During the vegetative stage, plants are 3-4 weeks old before they blossom. While you can technically take a cutting from any plant, plants in the flowering stage take weeks or even months longer to clone.

• Ideally, pick a mother plant that’s at least 5 weeks old from seedling and has multiple side shoots
• If you pick a plant that’s too young, the cutting will have hollow inner walls, and it’ll quickly wilt.

The branches should be straight and have at least three nodes. Straight branches are easier to grow in trays, and they won't block sunlight from other cuttings. Take your cuttings from the bottom of the plant (where the plant concentrates rooting hormones) for better rooting success.

• Look for new growth (leaves and buds) shooting off the plant to identify nodes.
• Pick cuttings that are about 6–10 inches (15–25 cm) long.

Use a knife to cut each branch at a 45° angle. Make your cut just below the 3rd node of the branch you want to take. Remove any leaves growing near the node closest to the bottom of your cutting. Getting rid of these leaves lets your plant retain more water.

• Knives or razors create a cleaner cut that does less damage to the stem than scissors.

Put your cuttings in water immediately. To keep your cuttings hydrated, place them in a jar of clean water. Water also prevents air bubbles from forming inside the stem. You can keep them in the jar for several hours if you need to harvest other cuttings.

• If you don't have water available, you can set the cuttings on a clean glass or ceramic plate.
• Keep your delicate cuttings clean to prevent fungus from attacking them.

Dip the cut ends in rooting hormone as soon as possible. Apply rooting hormone to the open ends of the plant just before you set them into their rooting medium. Rooting hormone encourages the plant to start producing root cells instead of regular green plant cells. You can use either a gel or powder rooting hormone.

• Don’t get the rooting hormone on the foliage or it can damage the leaves.

Mist your rooting medium and push your cuttings in. Use a rapid rooters for medium. Rapid Rooter plugs are fortified with general hydroponic micronutrients for abundant root growth
The optimal air-to-water ratio within the plug matrix results in explosive early root growth Lightly spray the rapid rooter with water so it’s moist all the way through. Dig a small hole into the rooting medium just deep enough so the branch will stand up straight and just wide enough for the plant stem’s thickness. Place your cutting into the hole, and lightly push the soil around the plant stem to hold it in place. If you don’t have rockwool, use potting soil or even water (for a hydroponic growth process).

• To keep your plants easy to transport and care for simultaneously, root them in growing trays rather than individual small pots.

Close your plants in a plastic humidity dome for the first 48 hours. Lightly mist the plants with a spray bottle once they’re in their rooting medium. Then, put the plants under a plastic humidity dome to reduce the risk of your plants drying out. You can use the domes from our germination/cloning kit. The rapid rooters fit perfectly

Keep your plants under low-intensity fluorescent lighting for 18 hours a day. Use T8 or T12 bulbs, since excessive light can cause your plants to "stretch" or (grow way too quickly between nodes).To keep your cuttings happy, put the lights about 30 inches (76 cm) away from the plants.

• Leave the cuttings in their rooting cubes until white hairs start to sprout up from the cubes. Then, it’ll be time to transplant.

Transplanting

Fill 1 gallon (3.8 L) pots with potting medium. Choose a soilless peat- or sphagnum-based mixture, because soil is rarely sold sterilized and can contain pests and fungus. Break apart the chunks of your potting medium. Water the medium so that it’s moist all the way through.

• Fill the pots up to 1 inch (2.5 cm) from the lip.
• Then, gently press the soil down so it’s 1.5–2 inches (3.8–5.1 cm) from the lip. The space prevents you from overflowing the pot.

Dig a hole in each pot the size of the clone’s current rockwool rooting cube. Ideally, the soil level in your pot will sit flush with the top of your rooting cube. This prevents the cutting’s roots from drying out, while preventing excess moisture from getting to the cutting's stem.

• If the rooting cube becomes totally exposed when you water the plant, just add a little more soil.

Plant 1 clone in each pot. Squeeze the rockwool rooting cube out of your tray. Place the cube into the hole you dug. Backfill any empty space or gaps with soil. Make sure the entire bottom of the cube is in contact with the soil medium around it.[32]

• Thoroughly water the plant to get rid of air bubbles.
• Your clones are now ready to keep growing and thriving!

Water intensely for the first week after transplanting. Make sure the original rapid rooter cube is moist all the way through. Every time you water, you should see 20% of the water coming out as runoff.

• Keep your water under 70 °F (21 °C).

For an more in-depth tutorial considering downloaded our free grow bible e-book!